Major Schools of Thought in Psychology Essay
Once psychology was first established like a science individual from biology and philosophy, the controversy over how to describe and explain a persons mind and behavior commenced. The 1st school of thought, structuralism, was advocated by the creator of the initially psychology laboratory, Wilhelm Wundt. Almost immediately, other theories began to arise and compete for dominance in mindset.
The following are a few of the major disciplines that have inspired our know-how and comprehension of psychology: Structuralism vs . Functionalism: 1) Structuralism was the initial school of psychology, and focused on digesting mental procedures into the most elementary components. Major structuralist thinkers include Wilhelm Wundt and Edward Titchner. 2) Functionalism formed like a reaction to the theories in the structuralist way of thinking and was heavily inspired by the job of William James. This school focused on the features of man behaviors and not their framework.
Major functionalist thinkers included John Dewey and Harvey Carr. Evolutionary psychology is usually founded on the view outside the window that the function of all internal phenomena in human development is a important perspective with their understanding. Aussehen Psychology: 3) Gestalt psychology is based after the idea that all of us experience items as specific wholes. This method to mindset began in Germany and Austria during the late nineteenth century reacting to the molecular approach of structuralism.
Rather that deteriorating thoughts and behavior to their smallest aspect, the aussehen psychologists believed that you must go through the whole of experience. In line with the gestalt thinkers, the whole can be greater than the sum of its parts. Max Wertheimer is often credited as the founder with this movement. Psychoanalysis: Sigmund Freud was the found of 4) Psychodynamic procedure.
This way of thinking emphasizes the influence with the unconscious mind on patterns. Freud thought that the man mind was composed of 3 elements: the id, the ego, and the superego. Additional major psychodynamic thinkers incorporate Anna Freud, Carl Jung, and Erik Erikson. Behaviorism: 5) Behaviorism became the dominant school of thought during the 1954s. Based upon the work of thinkers such as Steve Watson, Ivan Pavlov, and B. Farreneheit.
Skinner, behaviorism holds that every behavior could be explained by environmental causes, instead of by interior forces. Behaviorism is focused on observable tendencies. Theories of learning which includes classical fitness and operant conditioning were the focus of any great deal of analysis. Humanistic Mindset: 6) Humanistic psychology produced as a respond to psychoanalysis and behaviorism.
Humanistic psychology rather focused on specific free is going to, personal development, and self-actualization. Major humanist thinkers included Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers. Intellectual Psychology: 7) Cognitive psychology is the branch of psychology that studies mental processes including how people think, see, problem resolve, remember, and pay attention to. As part of the larger field of cognitive science, this branch of psychology is related to other disciplines including neuroscience, philosophy, and linguistics.
One of the influential theories from this school of thought was the stages of cognitive development theory proposed by Jean Piaget. Later work in this field was pioneered by titles like Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck.
- Category: United States
- Words: 524
- Pages: 2
- Project Type: Essay